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Review bronze coin types of Ptolemy II Bronze denominations of Ptolemy II  

   Review the possibility of denominational indicators on coins of Ptolemy III Denominations of Ptolemy III

   Hoard data shows that two eagles were not denominational markers Hoard data of Ptolemies II, III, IV

   Two eagles were not denominational markers in the time of Ptolemy VI Denominations of Ptolemy VI

   Corrections to the literature that are developed in Part 1 Index to Part 1

Evidence for two eagles as symbols of co-regency Two eagles as symbols of co-regents

   Two eagles coincide with times of co-regency Concurrence of eagles/co-regency

   Additional evidence that indicates two eagles represent co-regency Additional evidence

Apparent origin of a widely held but incorrect view Origin of a current incorrect view

Summary of the website and conclusions obtained for two different hypotheses Summary

Difficulties in attempts to publish a manuscript Attempted publication

Options to read and/or print manuscript Read / download manuscript

Acknowledgements Acknowledgements

List of interesting web sites Links

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Two Eagles on Ptolemaic Coins as Representations of Co-Regency

Review of denominations of Ptolemy VI

It has been shown in Part 1a that denominational marking was not used in the reign of Ptolemy III (246-221 BC).  The evidence from hoards presented in Part 1b showed that Ptolemy II's two-eagle coins circulated with Ptolemy III's one-eagle coins of the same denomination;  it is therefore very unlikely that the two eagles represented a different denomination.  Ptolemy IV (221 - 204 BC) did not issue any two-eagle coins and neither did Ptolemy V (204-180 BC).  Ptolemy VI reintroduced two eagles early in his reign together with Cleopatra I (180-164 BC);  the table below shows examples of his two-eagle coins.

Denominations of Ptolemy VI
39.0g, 35mm; Svoronos 1423 36.4g, 32mm; Svoronos 1424 19.5g, 26mm; Svoronos 1424-5 8.4g, 20mm; Svoronos 1426 6.6g, 16mm; Svoronos 1427
39.0g, 35mm; Svoronos 1423 36.4g, 32mm; Svoronos 1424 19.5g, 26mm; Svoronos 1424-5 8.4g, 20mm; Svoronos 1426 6.6g, 16mm; Svoronos 1427

Obverses: Ammon head;    Reverses: two eagles facing left, cornucopia left Largest coin of series does not have a cornucopia


On which of the coins produced by Ptolemy VI do two eagles indicate a denomination?  Click Answer

  go to 1b - Review of hoard data regarding denominations of Ptolemies II, III and IV go to 1d - Errors in literature (Part 1 index)

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